Energy supply
On 22.12.1847, the first gasworks owned by Belgian and English shareholders began operations on Kronprinzenstraße next to the Taunusbahn site. In 1873, the city took over the facilities and in the 1890s, the municipal gasworks was built in Mainzer Straße. While Biebrich, Schierstein and Frauenstein were supplied by the Rheingau gasworks association, all other suburbs were connected to the Wiesbaden gasworks. Gradually, starting in 1899, these suburbs were connected to the Wiesbaden gas supply.
After Kraftwerke Mainz-Wiesbaden AG (KMW) was founded in 1931, the Wiesbaden gasworks ceased operations on October 26, 1932. A brief reactivation in 1943 due to the war ended in 1947. Since then, no more town gas has been produced in Wiesbaden. In 1930, the city merged its electricity, gas and water works into the municipal company WEGWAG (Wasser-, Elektrizitäts- und Gaswerke Wiesbaden AG). In addition to the gas supply, the electricity supply was also concentrated in the Mainz-Wiesbaden power station on the Ingelheimer Aue. Christian Bücher was particularly responsible for securing the supply of water, electricity and gas to the Wiesbaden population. The city appointed him General Director of WEGWAG in 1930, and in 1931 he became one of the board members of the newly founded KMW.
In order to make the gas supply more reliable despite the long-distance supply, KMW undertook a spectacular construction project shortly before the start of the natural gas era: in 1956, the largest gas tank in Europe was built on the Ingelheimer Aue with a previously unimaginable capacity of 350,000m3 and a height of 123 m, visible far beyond Wiesbaden-Mainz. The tank volume corresponded to the consumption of the two cities over four days. This "dinosaur" of the gas industry was demolished in 1973.
Since 1968, KMW has been purchasing gas (natural gas since 1972) from upstream suppliers who participate in the large European natural gas network with procurement options from the Netherlands, Norway and Russia. 50,000 customers are supplied via a gas network of 400 km, a modern high-pressure ring pipeline encircles the city and increases the security of supply.
In 1891, none other than civil engineer Oskar von Miller was commissioned by the Wiesbaden city council to design the city's electricity supply. The first steam power plant was built in 1896, and a public power supply had been in place since 1898. In 1906, the city took over the plants from the operating company Lahmeyer & Co, Frankfurt am Main.
Until 1927, a municipal power plant was successively expanded on Mainzer Straße, and gradually some suburban communities were also connected to this Wiesbaden power supply. After KMW was founded, the Wiesbaden plant was continuously scaled back. In 1952, the plants were shut down; the machine hall that had been freed up was used for the "ESWE-Bad". In 1985, the usable electricity output in Wiesbaden exceeded the 1 billion kWh mark for the first time. Today, 40 % is used by households and 60 % by industry and commerce. A supply network of almost 1400 km is available for this purpose.
Literature
Kopp, Klaus: From a company owned by the City of Wiesbaden to a public limited company. 75 years of ESWE Versorgungs AG 1930-2005. ed.: ESWE Versorgungs AG, Wiesbaden 2005.
